Cost-sharing in directed networks: Experimental study of equilibrium choice and system dynamics

This study reports the results of an experiment on directed networks with positive externalities induced by cost-sharing. Subjects participated in a network game in which they had to choose between private and public transportations. If a player chose public transportation, then she shared the travel cost equally with other players making the same choice, whereas if she chose private transportation, then her travel cost was fixed. Travel costs on the private route were manipulated across the two experimental conditions. In one condition, these costs were homogeneous among players; in the other condition, they were heterogeneous among players and only privately known. We found that half (none) of the player groups in the homogeneous (heterogeneous) condition converged toward the efficient equilibrium. Examination of the system dynamics shows that convergence toward efficiency was facilitated by: (1) the existence of an intermediate equilibrium choice; and (2) strategic teaching by which a farsighted player chooses strategies with poor short-term payoff in order to shift group decisions to the efficient equilibrium and thereby increase her own long-term benefit.     

河南省现代农业可持续发展的综合效益评价

近年来,我国农业生态环境恶化,可利用农业资源紧缺、农产品质量安全等问题日渐凸显,因此发展可持续现代农业产业已经被提上日程。河南省作为发展现代农业的试点改革省份,在发展特色农业模式,优化农业产业结构方面取得了一定成效,但同时存在着制约其进一步健全完善的因素。文章以农业可持续发展为理论基础,从经济效益、社会效益和生态效益等3个方面构建现代农业可持续发展综合效益评价指标体系,并采用主成分分析法评价现代农业可持续发展的综合效益。研究结果表明,经济发展是河南省农业可持续发展的核心;人口问题已成为制约部分城市农业可持续发展的重要因素;生态因子的贡献率最低,是阻碍河南省经济可持续发展的重要因素。据此提出调整产业结构、促进农业经济发展,控制人口增长、提高农民生活水平,保护生态环境、健全生态因子机制等具有针对性的对策建议,为提升现代农业可持续发展综合效益提供理论借鉴。     

生物技术创新对世界农产品贸易的影响及我国的对策研究

本文分析了世界各主要国家在生物技术管理方面的政策差异及其原因,分析了生物技术创新对世界农产品贸易的各种潜在和现实的影响,并对未来转基因农产品贸易的形势进行了初步的预测和判断。在此基础上,从短期和长期两个方面提出了今后我国生物技术发展和转基因农产品贸易的政策建议。     

Interactive data and retail investor decision‐making: an experimental study

The results of an experimental study of retail investors' use of eXtensible Business Reporting Language tagged (interactive) data and PDF format for making investment decisions are reported. The main finding is that data format made no difference to participants' ability to locate and integrate information from statement footnotes to improve investment decisions. Interactive data were perceived by participants as quick and ‘accurate’, but it failed to facilitate the identification of the adjustment needed to make the ratios accurate for comparison. An important implication is that regulators and software designers should work to reduce user reliance on the comparability of ratios generated automatically using interactive data.     

论为纳税人服务

本文从税收的性质、纳税人的法律地位和政府职能转变三个角度,论述了为纳税人服务的理论依据,同时借鉴国外为纳税人服务的经验,分析了为纳税人服务理念下的公共产品提供、税收政策、制度和措施.     

试论浙江现代商贸流通强省

改革开放以来,浙江作为市场大省,专业批发市场曾经并将继续在浙江经济体制改革、民间人才培养、民有资本聚集、个私经济发展等方面发挥极其巨大的作用。在当前新的国际、国内经济形势下,有必要针对存在的问题,引导专业市场进行整合、转型与提升,使之与现代商贸流通的业态、方式和组织相对接,努力把浙江由“市场大省”提升为“现代商贸流通强省”。     

近代东北区城市化与工业化相互作用的过程分析

20世纪初,东北地区一度发展成为我国最早的重化工业地域,同时城市化的水平位于全国前列.快速的工业化是东北区高速城市化的基础,同时殖民地产业布局地调整和优化又离不开城市化的支撑.吸取历史经验,对于当今振兴东北老工业基地具有深远的现实意义.     

电子商务实验教学体系的规范构建

电子商务实验教学体系构建的完整性和科学性，直接影响到学生的培养质量和未来就业。教育部《普通高等学校电子商务本科专业知识体系》的推出，为电子商务实验教学体系的规范构建奠定了基础。跟踪电子商务发展和社会需求，分析电子商务实验教学体系的结构，研究电子商务实验教学体系的内容，探索电子商务实验教学体系的实施，对培养复合型电子商务专业人才具有重要的现实意义。     

On the acceptance of apologies

An apology is a strong and cheap device to restore social or economic relationships that have been disturbed. In a laboratory experiment in which apologies emerge endogenously, we find that harmdoers use apologies in particular if they fear punishment and if their intentions cannot be easily inferred. After offenses with ambiguous intention punishment for apologizers is lower than for non-apologizers. Victims expect an apology and punish if they do not receive one. An apology does not help at all after clearly intentionally committed offenses. On the contrary, after such offenses an apology strongly increases punishment compared to remaining silent.     

把十八大精神融入中国近现代史纲要课程教学研究

十八大报告提出了一系列新观点、新论断，给高校思想政治理论课教育注入了用之不竭的新鲜活水，提供了切入当代中国政治的合适窗口。中国近现代史纲要课程教学应与学习十八大报告结合，以更好地推进十八大精神“进课堂、进头脑”。